What are the main characteristics of phylum basidiomycota. Basidiomycetes are a diverse assemblage of fungi represented by over 20,000 species worldwide. The main characteristics of the phylum basidiomycota include the formation of basidia on a fruiting body and the development of basidiospores, according to the tree of life web project. This is the phylum that you are probably most familiar with because it contains fungi which are generally referred to as gilled fungi or gilled mushrooms. The well developed, filamentous mycelium consists of a mass of branched, septate hyphae generally spreading in a fanshaped manner. The class basidiomycetes includes those members that produce their basidia and basidiospores on or in a basidiocarp. The 2016 classification of lichenized fungi in the ascomycota and basidiomycota approaching one thousand genera. Basidiomycetes caracteristicas generales pdf hongo plantas. They are obligated parasites and have a close evolutionary relationship with their plant hosts.
The gills are flaps on the underside of the basidiocarp the increase the surface area for the production of basidiospores. They include the familiar, agaris, boletes, club and coral fungi, chanterelles, jelly fungi. The majority of edible fungi belong to the phylum basidiomycota. More specifically, basidiomycota includes these groups. Basidiomycetes definition, any of a group of fungi constituting the phylum basidiomycota of the kingdom fungi or, in older classification schemes, the class basidiomycetes of the kingdom plantae, characterized by bearing the spores on a basidium, including the. In this article we will discuss about the life cycle of basidiomycetes with the help of suitable diagrams. Basidiomycota from brazilian atlantic forest, sao paulo state, brazil. The diagnostic characteristics of the basidiomycetes are the presence of basidium bearing basidiospores, clamp connections and doliopore septa the visible part of the fungus is the sporocarp, the basidiocarp or basidiome basidium originates from a binucleated structure where the karyogamy and the meiosis occur. However, with over 25,000 classified species, it also houses diverse members such as puffballs, shelf fungi, and rusts which are. A phyla of eumycota that consists of a group of microscopic and macroscopic fungi that include fungi commonly known as mushrooms, puffballs, stinkhorns, earth stars, birds nest fungi, bracket or shelf fungi, jelly fungi, rust fungi, and smut fungi. The basidiomycetes comprise the highest group of fungi which are often noticed conspicuously occurring in fields and forest areas. These we call sequestrate, because the mature basidiospores are kept inside the basidioma. But remember that just as in the ascomycetes, there is a significant minority of basidiomycetes which develop basidia, but have lost the sporeshooting mechanism. Basidiomycetes clamp connectionswere present in dikaryon in example given.
Basidiospres form on sterimata, basidiospores formation, nuclei migration. What are the general characteristics of basidiomycetes. Life cycle of basidiomycetes with diagram club fungi. The fourth, and final, division in the kingdom fungi that we will cover is the phylum basidiomycota fig. Los criterios segun los cuales se clasifican a los hongos, es decir, se disponen metodicamente, segun una jerarquia, en reino, divisiones, clases, ordenes, familias, generos y. The third phylum of fungi, the basidiomycetes has about 22,000 named species. Among the basidiomycetes are not only the mushrooms, toadstools, puffballs, jelly fungi, and shelf fungi, but also many important plant pathogens including rusts and smuts. Abstract rust fungi uredinales, basidiomycetes are one of the most diverse and economicallyimportant plant pathogens of crops worldwide. The main structure is the basidiocarp, the reproductive mushroom part of a basidiomcycete that makes spores and spreads them to the wind.